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This translation was prepared by Tax Interpretations Inc. The CRA did not issue this document in the language in which it now appears, and is not responsible for any errors in its translation that might impact a reader’s understanding of it or the position(s) taken therein. See also the general Disclaimer below.
Principal Issues: Whether a will that provides for a gift to a charity equal to 100,000$ less the amount that has been given by a specific corporation within a year after the death of the testator would be a gift by will for the purpose of subsection 118.1(5)?
Position: None.
Reasons: Question of fact and law.
Financial Strategies and Financial Instruments Roundtable, 11 October 2013
2013 APFF Conference
Question 1
Testamentary planning for a charitable donation
At this Roundtable at the 2012 Tax and Financial Planning Association ("APFF") Conference, the following question was asked of the Canada Revenue Agency ("CRA"):
An individual was the sole shareholder of a corporation. He wished to make a $100,000 gift upon his death to the ABC Foundation, a registered charity. In fact, the gift could be made either by his corporation, or by the executor of the estate from the personal property of the deceased; the goal was to be able to fully benefit from the tax benefit of the gift. In fact, if the corporation's taxable income were to be insufficient, or if the tax otherwise payable in the deceased's last personal income tax return (and the previous year) were insufficient, it was possible that the tax credit (or deduction to the corporation) could not be fully utilized.
Assuming that the will provides for a donation to the ABC Foundation of an amount equal to $100,000 less the amount that will have been given to the foundation by his corporation following his death, can you confirm that the amount the gift made by the executor will, in accordance with subsection 118.1(5) of the Income Tax Act ("ITA" or the "Act"), be deemed to have been made by the deceased immediately prior to his death?
The CRA responded as follows:
“The question of whether or not a gift was made by will is a mixed question of law and fact that must be resolved in the light of all the relevant facts. In particular, the terms of the will and the applicable private law must be taken into account.
A gift is a gift by will and subsection 118.1(5) may apply where the terms of a will require the trustee to donate to a charity either a specific property, a specified amount or a specified percentage of the residue of an estate.
The CRA is of the view that a gift of which the amount is left to the discretion of the deceased's executor or legal representative is not a gift made by will."
Questions to the CRA
Would your answer be different in the case where the executors named in the will are different from the directors of the deceased's corporation? Since in such a situation, if the directors of the corporation decided to donate $50,000 to a charity of their choice, the executor(s) would have no choice but to donate $50,000 to the charity chosen by the deceased and specified in his will?
Here is an example of a testamentary clause:
"I wish that, during the first fiscal year of my estate, my executor(s) make a donation of $100,000 to the ABC Foundation, less any amount that my corporation has been able to donate to the said Foundation since the date of my death."
It seems to us that the gift would meet the criteria mentioned above: the gift of a specific property (money), of a specific percentage to a charity named in the will of the donor.
CRA response
The CRA is still of the view that the question of whether or not a gift was made by will is a mixed question of law and fact that must be resolved in light of all the relevant facts. In particular, all the terms of the will and the applicable private law must be taken into account.
We are of the view that the testamentary clause which you submitted leaves a certain discretion to the executor, which would prevent the gift from qualifying as a gift by will. Furthermore, this type of bequest is not a gift of a specific property, of a precise amount, nor a precise percentage of the residue of an estate. In this regard, a gift of a specific property is the gift of property in kind rather than of money.
Based on your comments, we understand that your question focuses on situations where all the terms of the will leave the executor no discretion as to the legacy to a charity. However, the type of situation you have described seems unusual and has never been analyzed by the CRA. In this context, the CRA is not ready to comment further on your question.
Catherine Ayotte
(819) 243-7306
2013-049279
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